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1.
European Respiratory Journal ; 60(Supplement 66):4, 2022.
Article in English | EMBASE | ID: covidwho-2293813

ABSTRACT

Background: The association between COVID-19 infection and the cardiovascular system has been well described. Isolation precautions limit the use of formal echocardiography in this setting. Artificial intelligence (AI) utilization using a hand-held device in these patients can be a reliable tool for left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) assessment. Aim(s): To prospectively investigate the accuracy of AI-base tool for LVEF assessment using a hand-held echocardiogram in patients with COVID-19. Method(s): From April-28 through July-26, 2020, consecutive patients with COVID-19 underwent a real-time LVEF assessment within 48-h of admission using a hand-held echocardiogram evaluation (Vscan Extend) equipped with LVivoEF, an AI-based tool that automatically evaluates LVEF. The examinations were further analyzed off-line by a blinded fellowshiptrained echocardiographer for LVEF as a gold standard. Result(s): Among 42 patients, 21 (50%) were male (aged 53.3+/-17.8 years, mean BMI 27.6+/-5.1 kg/m2). Seven (16.7%) patients couldn't turn on their left side and three (7.1%) couldn't maintain effective communication. The mean length of each echocardiogram study was 6.8+/-2.2 minutes, battery usage was 13.4+/-4.9%, and mean operator-to-patient proximity was 64.5+/-9.3 cm. A fair to good correlation was demonstrated between the AI and the echocardiographer LVEF assessment (Pearson's correlation of 0.691, p<0.001). An almost perfect agreement was demonstrated between the AI and the echocardiographer for LVEF using a threshold of 45% (kappa=0.806, p<0.001). The sensitivity of focused echocardiogram for 45% LVEF threshold is 85.7%, specificity is 97.1% with a PPV of 85.7% and NPV of 97.1%. Conclusion(s): An AI-based algorithm incorporated into an existing handheld echocardiogram device can be reliably utilized as a decision support tool for automatic real-time LVEF assessment among COVID-19 patients.

2.
European Heart Journal ; 42(SUPPL 1):1130, 2021.
Article in English | EMBASE | ID: covidwho-1554678

ABSTRACT

Introduction: D-dimer is a small protein fragment and is a product of fibrinolysis. A high levels of D-dimer have been suggested as a prognostic factor in cancerous and other critically ill patients. We aimed to evaluate D-dimer levels and outcomes of critically ill patients admitted to a tertiary care intensive coronary care unit (ICCU). Material and method: All patients admitted to the ICCU at our Medical Center between January 1, 2020 and December 31, 2020 were included in the study. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to their Ddimer level on admission. Low D-dimer level <500 ng/ml, and high Ddimer level ≥500 ng/ml. Survival, in-hospital interventions and complications were compared. Results and discussion: Overall 1,082 consecutive patients were included, mean age was 67 (±16), 70% were males. Of them 296 (27.4%) had low D-dimer level and 663 (61.3%) had high D-dimer level. Patients with high D-dimer level were older as compared to patients with low Ddimer level (mean age 70.4±15 and 59±13 years respectively, p=0.004), had significantly higher rate of female gender (35.9% vs 15.9% respectively, p<0.0001) and significantly higher rate of any prior cardiac interventions prior to their admission (26.7% vs 4.4% respectively, p<0.0001). Interestingly, patients with high D-dimer level had significantly lower rate of any acute coronary syndrome (ACS) as compared with the low D-dimer group (25.7 vs 66.4% respectively, p<0.0001) and lower rate of smokers (22.5 vs 45.6% respectively, p<0.0001). All 11 post-COVID-19 patients had high D-dimer level on admission. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis for mortality, adjusted for age, gender, risk factors for cardiovascular disease, ejection fraction<40 found that high D-dimer level was independently associated with higher mortality rates (HR=5.8;95% CI;1.7-19.1;p=0.004) as shown in Figure 1. Conclusion: Elevated D-dimer levels on admission in ICCU patients is a poor prognostic factor of in-hospital morbidity and mortality in the first year following hospitalization.

3.
European Heart Journal ; 42(SUPPL 1):1272, 2021.
Article in English | EMBASE | ID: covidwho-1554633

ABSTRACT

Background: ST-Segment elevation MI (STEMI) is one of the leading cause of mortality in the western world. The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic might have implications of the treatment of STEMI patients. Our aim was to evaluate the treatment of STEMI patients during 2 months of the COVID-19 pandemic as compared with the year before. Methods: Data of 90 STEMI patients treated at the Shaare Zedek Medical Center intensive coronary care unit (ICCU) Between March-April 2019 and March-April 2020 were collected. Patients were divided into 2 groups: The pre COVID-19 group and the COVID-19 era group. Data regarding complications upon arrival and during hospitalization, door to balloon time and echocardiographic exams. Results: Fifty one (56%) patients were admitted with STEMI in the pre COVID-19 group and only 39 (44%) in the COVID-19 era group. Of them 13.7% vs. 20.5% were female, p=0.392 with a mean age of 62.1 (±13.5) vs. 63.4 (±11) years old, p=0.635 in the pre vs. post COVID-19 era group, respectively. Interestingly, more Jewish vs. non-Jewish were admitted with STEMI in the COVID-19 era group. There were no differences regarding baseline characteristics, catheterization access, culprit vessel and percutaneous coronary intervention rate. Door to balloon time was also similar in both pre and post COVID-19 era groups 35.4 (±32) vs. 30.5 (±29.1) minutes (p=0.896). Moreover, there was no difference regarding infarct size. Complications including acute renal failure, cardiogenic shock, and the use of intra-aortic balloon pump were similar in both groups. 30-day mortality rate was low and similar in both pre and post COVID-19 era groups (5.9% vs. 2.6%, respectively, p=0.426). Conclusions: During the beginning of COVID-19 era there was a reduction in STEMI admission rate, while no significant difference was found regarding baseline characteristics, door to balloon time, infarct size and mortality rate.

4.
European Heart Journal ; 42(SUPPL 1):101, 2021.
Article in English | EMBASE | ID: covidwho-1554024

ABSTRACT

Background: The association between COVID-19 infection and the cardiovascular system has been well described. Strict precautions limit the use of formal echocardiography in this setting. Information on the importance of the utilization of a hand-held point-of-care cardiac ultrasound (POCCUS) for cardiac evaluation in these patients is scarce. Objective: To investigate the utilization of hand-held echocardiography in COVID-19 hospitalized patients and the association between cardiac pathologies and outcomes. Methods: Consecutive patients diagnosed with COVID-19 underwent POCCUS evaluation using a hand-held ultrasound within 24 hours of admission at our institute, throughout March-May 2020. According to the POCCUS results, the patients were divided into two groups: 'Normal' and 'Abnormal' (including left or right ventricular dysfunction or enlargement, or moderate/severe valvular regurgitation/stenosis). Results: Among 102 patients, 26 (25.5%) had an abnormal POCCUS study. They were older, with more co-morbidities, cardiovascular disease history, chronic medical therapy, and more severe presenting symptoms, as compared to the group with a normal echocardiography exam. Individual and composite endpoints (advanced ventilatory support, acute decompensated heart failure, shock, or death) are presented in Table 1. Multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusting for pertinent variables revealed that abnormal echocardiography at presentation was independently associated with the composite endpoint OR=4.63 (95% CI 1.51-14.15, p=0.007). Conclusions: Abnormal echocardiography results in COVID-19 infection settings are associated with a higher burden of medical comorbidities and independently predict major adverse endpoints. Hand-held POCCUS at presentation can be utilized as an important tool for risk stratification for hospitalized COVID-19 patients. (Figure Presented).

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